Scienza fai da te - Proxima c si nasconde in questo grafico ?

Questa foto della settimana inusuale presenta gli ultimi dati raccolti dal cacciatore di pianeti extrasolari di ESO, HARPS (High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher) durante la campagna in corso Red Dots, una ricerca di pianeti terrestri attorno alle tre stelle nane più vicine: Proxima Centauri, la stella di Barnard, e Ross 154. La campagna è stata iniziata nel 2017, in seguito alla scoperta nel 2016 di Proxima b attorno al nostro vicino stellare, Proxima Centauri. Red Dots è pensato come un esperimento scientifico aperto al pubblico, nel senso che esso ha accesso a tutti i dati e può anche contribuire alle osservazioni. Potete vedere un nuovo pianeta estrapolare in queste osservazioni ?

Seguendo accuratamente il moto della stella in funzione del tempo, grafici come questi, possono svelare la presenza di esopianeti. Mentre la stella esercita una forza di gravità sui pianeti che orbitano attorno ad essa, anche i pianeti esercitano una forza gravitazionale sulla stella, inducendo un moto di oscillazione sulla stella e spostando la lunghezza d’onda della sua luce di una piccola (ma misurabile) quantità. Analizzando questi cambiamenti ripetuti e prevedibili, gli astronomi possono dedurre la presenza di un pianeta. Il grafico in alto a sinistra mostra i dati del 2016 che confermano la presenza dell’esistenza di Prossima b, illustrando come il pianeta provochi il moto della sua stella parente, Proxima Centauri, allontanandosi e ravvicinandosi alla Terra in funzione del tempo. La linea curva rappresenta il segnale di oscillazione della stella, con la solita caratteristica di un cambiamento di velocità radiale (VR) che si ripete ogni 11,2 giorni.

Il grafico in alto a destra mostre le nuove misure fatte con HARPS durante la campagna Red Dots. I nuovi dati confermano ancora una volta il segnale di Proxima b (in giallo), ma includono nuove caratteristiche - visibili qui come la pendenza verso il basso in entrambi idati del 2016 e del 2017 - suggerendo che forse c’è qualche cosa ancora da scoprire. Per essere più sicuri sulla causa di queste caratteristiche, gli astronomi devono usare metodi matematici quantitativi.

Uno di questi è il cosiddetto periodogrammo, che cerca segnali che si ripetono nei dati - mostrati qui come i picchi sporgenti - che indicano la presenza di un pianeta. Il grafico in basso mostra il periodogrammo per i nuovi dati. Il primo segnale (in bianco) corrisponde a Proxima b. Il secondo gruppo di possibili periodi (in rosso), di circa 200 giorni, sono prodotti dalle caratteristiche delle figure in alto. La presenza di picchi multipli di simile altezza significa che un segnale non può essere definito con precisione e che la sua origine rimane poco chiara.

Il progetto continuerà ad acquisire misure fino alla fine di settembre di quest’anno. Potete seguire i progressi della campagna Red Dots e perfino contribuire con osservazioni via il sito web di Red Dots , Facebook o Twitter .

Crediti:

ESO/G. Anglada-Escudé

Riguardo l'immagine

Identificazione:potw1737a
Lingua:it-ch
Tipo:Mappa
Data di rilascio:Lunedì 11 Settembre 2017 11:55
Grandezza:3916 x 3278 px

Riguardo all'oggetto

Nome:Proxima Centauri
Tipo:Milky Way : Star : Circumstellar Material : Planetary System
Distanza:4 Anni luce

Formati delle immagini

JPEG grande
2,0 MB

Zoom


Sfondi

1024x768
239,9 KB
1280x1024
352,3 KB
1600x1200
478,8 KB
1920x1200
565,4 KB
2048x1536
700,3 KB

Mandateci i vostri commenti!
Iscrivetevi per ricevere le notizie dell'ESO nella vostra lingua
Accelerated by CDN77
Termini & Condizioni
Cookie Settings and Policy

Our use of Cookies

We use cookies that are essential for accessing our websites and using our services. We also use cookies to analyse, measure and improve our websites’ performance, to enable content sharing via social media and to display media content hosted on third-party platforms.

You can manage your cookie preferences and find out more by visiting 'Cookie Settings and Policy'.

ESO Cookies Policy


The European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere (ESO) is the pre-eminent intergovernmental science and technology organisation in astronomy. It carries out an ambitious programme focused on the design, construction and operation of powerful ground-based observing facilities for astronomy.

This Cookies Policy is intended to provide clarity by outlining the cookies used on the ESO public websites, their functions, the options you have for controlling them, and the ways you can contact us for additional details.

What are cookies?

Cookies are small pieces of data stored on your device by websites you visit. They serve various purposes, such as remembering login credentials and preferences and enhance your browsing experience.

Categories of cookies we use

Essential cookies (always active): These cookies are strictly necessary for the proper functioning of our website. Without these cookies, the website cannot operate correctly, and certain services, such as logging in or accessing secure areas, may not be available; because they are essential for the website’s operation, they cannot be disabled.

Cookie ID/Name
Description/Purpose
Provider (1st party or 3rd party)
Browser session cookie or Stored cookie?
Duration
csrftoken
XSRF protection token. We use this cookie to protect against cross-site request forgery attacks.
1st party
Stored
1 year
user_privacy
Your privacy choices. We use this cookie to save your privacy preferences.
1st party
Stored
6 months
_grecaptcha
We use reCAPTCHA to protect our forms against spam and abuse. reCAPTCHA sets a necessary cookie when executed for the purpose of providing its risk analysis. We use www.recaptcha.net instead of www.google.com in order to avoid unnecessary cookies from Google.
3rd party
Stored
6 months

Functional Cookies: These cookies enhance your browsing experience by enabling additional features and personalization, such as remembering your preferences and settings. While not strictly necessary for the website to function, they improve usability and convenience; these cookies are only placed if you provide your consent.

Cookie ID/Name
Description/Purpose
Provider (1st party or 3rd party)
Browser session cookie or Stored cookie?
Duration
Settings
preferred_language
Language settings. We use this cookie to remember your preferred language settings.
1st party
Stored
1 year
ON | OFF
sessionid
ESO Shop. We use this cookie to store your session information on the ESO Shop. This is just an identifier which is used on the server in order to allow you to purchase items in our shop.
1st party
Stored
2 weeks
ON | OFF

Analytics cookies: These cookies collect information about how visitors interact with our website, such as which pages are visited most often and how users navigate the site. This data helps us improve website performance, optimize content, and enhance the user experience; these cookies are only placed if you provide your consent. We use the following analytics cookies.

Matomo Cookies:

This website uses Matomo (formerly Piwik), an open source software which enables the statistical analysis of website visits. Matomo uses cookies (text files) which are saved on your computer and which allow us to analyze how you use our website. The website user information generated by the cookies will only be saved on the servers of our IT Department. We use this information to analyze www.eso.org visits and to prepare reports on website activities. These data will not be disclosed to third parties.

On behalf of ESO, Matomo will use this information for the purpose of evaluating your use of the website, compiling reports on website activity and providing other services relating to website activity and internet usage.

ON | OFF

Matomo cookies settings:

Cookie ID/Name
Description/Purpose
Provider (1st party or 3rd party)
Browser session cookie or Stored cookie?
Duration
Settings
_pk_id
Stores a unique visitor ID.
1st party
Stored
13 months
_pk_ses
Session cookie temporarily stores data for the visit.
1st party
Stored
30 minutes
_pk_ref
Stores attribution information (the referrer that brought the visitor to the website).
1st party
Stored
6 months
_pk_testcookie
Temporary cookie to check if a visitor’s browser supports cookies (set in Internet Explorer only).
1st party
Stored
Temporary cookie that expires almost immediately after being set.

Additional Third-party cookies on ESO websites: some of our pages display content from external providers, e.g. YouTube.

Such third-party services are outside of ESO control and may, at any time, change their terms of service, use of cookies, etc.

YouTube: Some videos on the ESO website are embedded from ESO’s official YouTube channel. We have enabled YouTube’s privacy-enhanced mode, meaning that no cookies are set unless the user actively clicks on the video to play it. Additionally, in this mode, YouTube does not store any personally identifiable cookie data for embedded video playbacks. For more details, please refer to YouTube’s embedding videos information page.

Cookies can also be classified based on the following elements.

Regarding the domain, there are:

As for their duration, cookies can be:

How to manage cookies

Cookie settings: You can modify your cookie choices for the ESO webpages at any time by clicking on the link Cookie settings at the bottom of any page.

In your browser: If you wish to delete cookies or instruct your browser to delete or block cookies by default, please visit the help pages of your browser:

Please be aware that if you delete or decline cookies, certain functionalities of our website may be not be available and your browsing experience may be affected.

You can set most browsers to prevent any cookies being placed on your device, but you may then have to manually adjust some preferences every time you visit a site/page. And some services and functionalities may not work properly at all (e.g. profile logging-in, shop check out).

Updates to the ESO Cookies Policy

The ESO Cookies Policy may be subject to future updates, which will be made available on this page.

Additional information

For any queries related to cookies, please contact: pdprATesoDOTorg.

As ESO public webpages are managed by our Department of Communication, your questions will be dealt with the support of the said Department.